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glossary F

FARO (Generic)
Belgium. A very sweet generic version of Lambic beer, its producers include Lindemans and Mort Subite. See also
Lambic.

FAXE FAD
Faxe brewery, Denmark. An unpasteurised, but unimpressive so-called draught-style beer.

FERMENTATION See Making Beer. The process in which yeast converts sugar into alcohol and carbon dioxide.

FESTBIER
Germany. A beer made for a specific festival.

FEST BOCK
Faxe brewery, Denmark. Unpastuerised Bock-style beer.

FESTIVAL SUPERGUEUZE
Eylenbosch brewery, Belgium. Known affectionately as "Superglue", this is a very full and smooth Lambic beer with an incredible three years conditioning prior to bottling.

FILTRATION
Beer is normally filtered to remove dead yeast cells and other insoluble particals to achieve a brilliantly clear finished beer. Many ales are "live" and unfiltered (see bottle-conditioned).

FINISH
Beer tasting term describing how long the flavour of a beer longers on the palate after swallowing. Longer is generally better.

FLAVOURED MALT BEVERAGES
An extension of "light" beers, these are low-carbohydrate beers and beer-like beverages, made fashionable by the Atkins and other "low-carb" diets.

FORST PILS
Forst brewery, Italy. Premium style lager made from non-Pilsener malt.

FORTUNATOR
Ayinger brewery, Germany. Synonymous with Celebrator (see
Celebrator).

FRAMBOISE, FRAMBOSEN, FRAMBOZEN or FRAMBOZENBIER (Generic)
Belgium. A raspberry-macerated version of Lambic beer, its producers include Liefmans (this idiosyncratic, brown-ale-based Frambozenbier, with its huge raspberry flavour, well-hopped character and sweet and sour finish is one of the best), Lindemans, Chantillon (the very best, see Ros� de Gambrinus), St- Louis and Vanderlinden (very good and fruity). See also
Lambic.

FRANZISKANER HEFE-WEISSBIER
Spaten brewery, Germany. This is a full, spicy-apple flavoured wheat beer with a voluminous head and dry finish.

F�RSTENBERG PILSENER
F�rstenberg brewery, Germany. Nicely hopped, delicately rich and satisfying Pilsener of some style and quality.

glossary G

GAMLE CARLSBERG SPECIAL DARK LAGER
Carlsberg brewery, Denmark. This brewery's dark lager is in the M�nchner-style and although it is a decent, characterful brew, which is much better than the basic Carlsberg Lager, it is not quite as good as the Carlsberg Special Strong Lager.

GAMMEL PORTER or IMPERIAL STOUT
Carlsberg brewery, Denmark. Not at all bad for a "bottom-fermented" Stout-style.

GAULOISE
Du Bocq brewery, Belgium. Strong ale of good aroma and full character on the palate.

GEORGE KILLAIN'S BIERE ROUSSE
Pelforth brewery, France. Full- bodied, rich, "top-fermented" malty-flavoured brew, also known as Irish Red.

GEREONS
Sion brewery, Germany. This standard quality K�lsch has much less finesse than the straight Sion K�lsch

GERMAN BEER PURITY LAW (REINHEITSGEBOT)
A law passed in 1516 which in many ways shaped all beers made today.

GERMINATION
The step in the
beer-making process in which the grain is allowed to sprout, before roasting.

GILDE PILSENER
Lindener Gilde brewery, Germany. A Pilsener-style of some finesse, but not special.

GILDENBIER
Haacht brewery, Belgium. Hugely rich and sweet, "top- fermented" dark brown ale.

GIRAF
Albani brewery, Denmar.k Bland light-lager style.

GOLDEN BUSCH PILS
Busch brewery, Germany. The sort of beer that bridges the gap between so-called Pils and commercial lager.

GOUDEN CAROLUS
Gouden Carolus brewery, Belgium. Deep-flavoured, smooth, "bottom-fermented" beer with a smooth, sultry finish.

GOUDENBAND
Liefmans brewery, Belgium. Top of the range brown ale from top-performing brown ale brewer, Goudenband has distinctive chocolaty-fruit on the palate and a fairly dry finish. It receives up to 12 months conditioning and will improve for a further two years.

GOUVERNEUR
Lindeboom brewery, Holland. A tawny-coloured, lager- type of some interest.

GRAIN
One of the four ingredients of beer along with
water, yeast and hops. Grain is a generic term for barley, wheat and other cereal crops used in beer making.

GRAND CRU (Generic)
Belgium. An indistinct and misleading term widely used in Belgium for its greatest beers, its producers include Cantillon (a smooth, distinctive, vintage-dated Lambic beer), De Kluis (this Grand Crus is a paler, stronger version of the brewery's basic Hoegaarden, a wheat beer flavoured with coriander and cura�ao, which honeys well with age), Rodenbach (a selected bottling of the two year old beer used in the basic Rodenbach brew, which is a blend of old and new ales) and Slaghmuylder (called Stropken Grand Cru, a smooth, malty, "top- fermented" beer, although apparently not the spicy brew it used to be).

GREAT DANE, THE
Faxe brewery, Denmark. An interesting, unpasteurised, export-type canned lager from a small, independent brewery.

GRENZQUELL
Bavaria St-Pauli brewery, Germany. Light, dry, but uninspiring Pilsener-style.

GRIMBERGEN DUBBEL
Maes brewery, Belgium. Dark brown Trappist- style beer with a ripe, chocolate-malty flavour and sweetish finish.

GRIMBERGEN TRIPPEL
Maes brewery, Belgium. Paler than the Dubbel, this Trappist-style beer is stronger with a fruitier-malty character and a dryish finish.

GRIST
Beer-making term for the milled grain to be used in fermentation.

GROLSCH AMBER
Grolsch brewery, Holland. Copper-coloured lager- type of some interest and character.

GROLSCH PREMIUM LAGER
Grolsche brewery, Holland. Fine, hoppy aromas and fresh, delicate fruit are the hallmark of this excellent lager brewed from Pilsener malt.

GROLSCH
Grolsch brewery, Holland. Best-selling Dutch Pilsener- type beer.

GUEUZE (Generic)
Belgium. A blend of old and young lambic beer, the yeast in the younger ale provoking another fermentation, resulting in a fizzy lambic that is usually sweet to one degree or another. Producers of this style include Eylenbosch (the Festival Supergueuze has an astonishing three years conditioning prior to bottling), Lindemans, Mort Subite (variable), St-Louis (particularly sweet), Timmermans (the best, unless you include Eylenbosh's splendidly quirky Festival Supergueuze) and Vanderlinden (excellent Vieux Foudre Gueuze). See
Lambic.

GULPENER DORT
Gulpener brewery, Holland. Successful Dutch attempt at the pale-coloured Dort or Dortmunder style of lager, Gulpener is a strong export-type beer with the rich malty character of an authentic German brew.

glossary H

HAPKIN
Moortgat brewery, Belgium. A lightish, off-dry, abbey- style beer.

HEFE (Generic)
Germany. Literally means yeast, thus prefixing the name of a beer, usually a wheat beer, with this word indicates a bottle-conditioned ale with a suspended yeast sediment. See
Wheat beer.

HEAD
The foam on top of the beer. Like the mousse on Champagne, this is protein forced out of suspension by the carbon dioxide bubbles released on opening.

HEINEKEN LAGER BEER
Heineken brewery, Holland. Light, fresh, international best-seller.

HELL or HELLES (Generic)
Germany. A pale-coloured lager-type beer of no great distinction, its producers include Augustiner (the best and so good it actually does have distinction, Einbecker Brauhaus (strong, light-coloured Ur-Bock Hell), Haake-Beck (Edel- Hell) and Euler (typical of style). See also M�nchener Hell.

HENRI FUNCK STRONG LAGER
Mousel & Clausen brewery, Luxembourg. A richer, smoother, much more malty, but far less hoppy version of Mousel Premium Pils (see Mousel Premium Pils).

HERFORDER PILS
Herford brewery, Germany. One of the few Pils that is actually brewed from genuine Pilsener malt, this beer has a very long and delicate flavour with true Pilsener bitterness on the finish.

HERREN PILS
Stuttgarter Hofbr�u brewery, Germany. Delicate and refined, but somewhat sweet style of Pils.

HERRENHAUSER PILSNER
Herrenh�usen brewery, Germany. A typical, smooth Pilsner-style of no real interest.

HOEGAARDEN GRAND CRU
De Kluis brewery, Belgium. Paler and stronger version of this brewery's basic Hoegaarden.

HOEGAARDEN or WITTE VAN HOEGAARDEN
De Kluis brewery, Belgium. Hoegaarden was once the most famous wheat beer village in Belgium, with over 30 breweries, but as this style of beer gave way to modern beers, all the breweries gradually went out of business. De Kluis was a brave revival of an abandoned brewery in 1965, but has required investment from the Stella Artois group to survive. Hoegaarden is a well-hopped, cloudy yellow-white wheat beer, considered by some to be the finest of its type. Interestingly it is spiced with coriander and cura�ao, an ancient but seldom practised custom that produces a typically tangy beer with a bitter fruit flavour that honeys with age.

HOGSHEAD
Traditional unit of measurement: a cask holding 54 gallons.

HOLSTEN-EDEL
Holsten brewery, Germany. Holsten's most basic brew.

HOLSTEN DI�T PILS
Holsten brewery, Germany. The original Di�t Pils and one of Holsten's better beers. See
Di�t Pils.

HOPS
One of the four ingredients of beer along with
water, yeast and grain. Hops are the flowers of a climbing vine used to flavour beer. See Making Beer.

glossary I

INDIA PALE ALE
When the canal linking the Trent river to the port of Hull, this gave the Bass brewery at Burton-on-Trent quick and easy access to the export trade. At the height of colonial trade with the British East Indies, the export brew of Burton Pale Ale became known as India Pale Ale and the name has stuck. Worthington's bottle-conditioned White Shield is considered by many to be the classic pale ale.

IRLE EDEL-PILS
Irle brewery, Germany. Light, crisp and well-aged Pils-style.

glossary J

JADE
Yves Castelain brewery, France. A very pale, filtered, but unpasteurised and organically produced
Bi�re de Garde.

JAHRHUNDERTBIER
Ayinger brewery, Germany. Hop-dominated, light- golden, "bottom-fermented", export-style beer with a smooth malty taste and bitter hoppy-resinous finish.

JENLAIN
Brasserie Duyck, France. Unpasteurised, but not bottle- conditioned, this beer has an amber-gold colour and a ripe fruitiness that is so intense it is reminiscent of liquorice.

JEVER EXPORT
Jever brewery, Germany. An export-style lager that is firmer and more characterful than Exclusiv, which is produced by Jever's parent company Astra.

JEVER PILS
Jever brewery, Germany. One of the finest Pils available, despite the absence of Pilsener malt in the brew.

JUBILEEUW
De Leeuw brewery, Holland. Pale-coloured, premium-style beer with a smooth, malty.

JULIUS
De Kluis brewery, Belgium. An extraordinarily strong beer for a pale ale. See also Hoegaarden.

JUPILER
Jupiler brewery, Belgium. Jupiler utilises rice in its brew, Belgium's best-selling Pilsener-style. A typically commercial, pale-coloured, fizzy product that would be greatly improved if conditioned for six months instead of six weeks.

glossary K

KAISER PILSNER
Henninger brewery, Germany. Quite why the same brewery should sell both Pilsner and Pilsener (Christian Henninger Pilsener) is a bit of a mystery, particularly as neither are worth putting on a party for!

KAISERDOM RAUCHBIER
B�rgerbr�u brewery, Germany. A copper- coloured ale with the distinctive smoky aroma of a Rauchbier.

KEG BEER
An inferior form of draught beer (although keg beer is often sold as draught), this mass-market fizzy stuff is full of CO2 and served via electronic pumps. Real draught ale, on the other hand, is served through a mechanical pump or direct from the barrel and its head or froth consists of nothing but pure air.

KELLERBIER (Generic)
Germany. An unfiltered, well-hopped lager of lower than normal fizz.

KILLAIN'S BIERE ROUSSE
Pelforth brewery, France. Full-bodied, rich, "top-fermented" malty-flavoured brew, also known as Irish Red.

KLOSTER BIER or KLOSTERBIER (Generic)
Germany. Literally a "cloister beer", this is similar to an abbey beer in that it refers to a commercial product that no longer has to be brewed by the monastery that first originated the beer. In this sense, it is an honest version of those Abbey beers that are also not brewed by their religious creators. Producers of the Klosterbier style include Euler (more of ab over-processed version of Euler Hell than an abbey-type beer), Kulmbacher M�nchshof (a Kloster Schwarz-bier or "black" beer, which is ultra-smooth and malty) and Kulmbacher M�nchshof (a strong but soft and fine-flavoured Klosterbock Dunkel).

K�LSCH (Generic)
Germany. A soft, somewhat fruity, pale-golden, lager-style beer associated with Cologne (4.5% ABV), producers of which include K�ppers (the basic K�lsch is rather sweet and boring, but K�ppers Weiss, which is not a Weissbier, merely an unfiltered version of K�ppers K�lsch, which gives the beer a certain fruitiness, making it a far superior product), Malzm�hl (the M�hlen has more delicacy and aroma than most K�lsch) and Sion (this brewery's fresh, flowery and aromatic basic K�lsch has a degree of finesse that not only puts it above Sion's more upmarket Gereons, but makes it the best quality K�lsch available).

K�NIG-ALT
K�nig brewery, Germany Not this brewery's best beer.

K�NIG LUDWIG DUNKEL
Kaltenberg brewery, Germany. An unpasteurised malty Dunkel with a malty-coffee aftertaste, this beer is named after the brewer's great grandfather, mad King Ludwig, who ruled Bavaria at the time when all lagers were brewed as dark as this.

K�NIG PILSENER
K�nig brewery, Germany. Rather full and rich for a Pilsener-style, but has great character and a long, heady finish.

K�NIGSBACHER PILS
K�nigsbacher brewery, Germany. Not as full as the K�nig Pilsener, but every bit as rich, with a finer balance, a nice hoppy aroma and more bitterness on the finish.

KR�USENBIER (Generic)
Germany. A fizzy, unfiltered beer. Although any style of beer can be Kr�usen, Haake-Beck's Kr�usen Pils is perhaps the most classic example.

KREIK (Generic)
Belgium. A cherry-macerated version of lambic beer, its producers include Lindemans (one of the best), Mort Subite (variable), St-Louis and Timmermans (one of the best), Liefmans (this idiosyncratic brown-ale-based cherry-flavoured Kriekbier, with its piquant fruit, well-hopped character and sweet and sour finish is the very best Kreik available) and Vanderlinden (fresh, aromatic View Foudre Kriek). See
Lambic.

KROMBACHER PILS
Krombacher brewery, Germany. A delicate Pilsener- style beer made from non-Pilsener malt, Krombacher Pils has a well-hopped finish.

KRONEN CLASSIC
Dortmunder Kronen brewery, Germany. Premium lager- style beer with a typically smooth, malty taste.

KRONEN EXPORT
Dortmunder Kronen brewery, Germany. This deliciously dry, pale-coloured, distinctive, export-type beer is wonderfully lusty and smooth in flavour, yet beautifully balanced, with a delicately dry finish.

KRONEN PILS
Dortmunder Kronen brewery, Germany. Light, Pilsener- style beer made from non-Pilsener malt, Kronen Pils has enough bitterness to offset its sweetish finish.

KRUIDENBIER (Generic)
Belgium. Flemish for "spiced beer".

KULMBACHER SCHWEIZERHOF-BR�U
Kulmbacher Schweizerhof brewery, Germany. Well-respected Pilsener-style with a long dry finish.

KULMINATOR 28
EKU brewery, Germany. At 13.5%, this fine if heady, full-flavoured Doppelbock claims to be the world's strongest beer.

K�PPERS K�LSCH
K�ppers brewery, Germany. Rather sweet and boring for a K�lsch.

K�PPERS WIESS
K�ppers brewery, Germany. Not a Weissbier, this is merely an unfiltered version of K�ppers K�lsch, which gives the beer a certain fruitiness, making it a far superior product.

KWAK PAUWEL
Kwak Pauwel brewery, Belgium. Very strong, claret- coloured, "top-fermented" ale with an intense malty flavour and a full, warming finish.

glossary L

LA BIERE DE D�MON
Enfants de Gayant brewery, France. So-called because of its strength (12% ABV), which makes it the world's strongest lager.

LA CHOUFFE
Achouffe brewery, Belgium. Strong, amber-gold, "top- fermented", unpasteurised, bottle-conditioned beer brewed from spring water in the Ardennes, La Chouffe has a big, sleepy-hop aroma, nicely hopped palate and a true bitter finish. See also
McChouffe.

LA CHOULETTE
Brasserie La Choulette, France. Described on the label as a "Bi�re Deluxe sur lie" this excellent, strong beer, with its amber colour, true bottle-aged aromas and slightly hoppy aftertaste is, in fact, one of the few Bi�res de Garde that is still sold as a bottle-conditioned beer.

LA ROSSA
Moretti brewery, Italy. Strong, ruddy-copper-coloured "bottom-fermented" beer with lots of malty character and a clean, well-hopped finish.

LAGER
The name is derived from the German lager or storehouse, as this "top-fermented" beer is traditionally aged for up six months (although most commercial brews will be less than six weeks old when sold) at a very cold temperature, which precipitates the finest suspended matter, rendering the beverage starbright, although not necessarily pale (M�nchener, Dunkel and certain Bock are all, for example, types of dark lager).

LAGER
Spezial brewery, Germany. Not so much a lager as a Rauchbier, this beer has a light, smooth malty flavour with a rich, caramelised, smoky aftertaste.

LAMBIC (Generic)
Belgium. A rustic wheat beer of ancient origin and true individual character. The wheat, which represents up to 40% of the mash, is not malted, the beer is produced by a naturally occurring, wild yeast ferment and has a distinctive sour flavour (4.5-5.5% ABV). Producers who specialise in this style include Belle-Vue (lacklustre), Boon (numerous blended Lambic beers of varying age and style are sold under the Marriage Parfait label and rank with the Cantillon Grand Cru as the very best that Lambic beers can offer), Cantillon (smooth and distinctive, vintage-dated Lambic called Grand Cru is, with Boon's Marriage Parfait, probably the very best of its type), Girardin (can approach the quality of Boon's Marriage Parfait and Cantillon's Grand Cru), De Neve (owned by Belle-Vue, but far superior to the Lambic sold under that label), De Troch (darker than normal, full-flavoured, rather fizzy) and Timmermans (lovely sharp finish) and Vanderlinden (while the Duvel is strange brew, combining a Lambic beer with a traditional "top-fermented" ale) and Vandervelden (the Oude Beersel is very dry with an acquired resinous taste, which many beer specialists consider to be the finest of all Lambic beers). See also
Faro, Gueuze and Frambosen.

LAUTER TUN
A piece of brewing equipment, the Tun filters the mostly liquid wort from the solid mash.

LE FRUIT DEFENDU or DE VERBODEN FRUCHT
De Kluis brewery, Belgium. The label of this rich, claret-coloured, coriander-spiced, strong ale depicts Adam tempting Eve not with an apple, but with a glass of what we are led to believe is beer, although cider would surely more appropriate in the situation.

LIEFMANS
Liefmans brewery, Belgium. Classic brown ale from one of the greatest brown ale brewers in the world, Liefmans bottom of the range brown ale (see also Goudenband) is conditioned for six weeks and back-blended with a small amount of a previous brew that has been aged for up to 10 months.

LIGHT ALE
The bottled form of bitter, but lighter in colour and body. The term light ale is often used synonymously with pale ale, although the latter has a more specific connotation. See also Pale Ale.

LIMBURGER EXPORT
Busch brewery, Germany. Lightly aromatic with a fizzy and typically overly clean palate of an Export style beer.

LOBURG
Artois brewery, Belgium. Danish-style premium lager.

L�WENBR�U PILS
L�wenbr�u brewery, Germany. Although a predictably light-flavoured Pils in style this beer does have a well-hopped aroma.

L�WENBR�U SPECIAL EXPORT
L�wenbr�u brewery, Germany. A typical, smooth palate, premium lager that commonly produced under licence.

LUCIFER
Moortgat brewery, Belgium. A lightish, off-dry, abbey- style beer from the producers of that other satanic brew Duvel meaning "Devil".

LUTECE BIERE DE PARIS
Brasserie Nouvelle de Lut�ce, France. Rich, malty, "bottom-fermented" brown ale type brew that was once popular in Paris.

glossary M

MAES PILS
Maes brewery, Belgium. A light, flowery Pilsener-style beer with a soft, delicate, malty-fruity palate.

MAIBOCK or MAI-BOCK (Generic)
Germany. Literally a "spring-bock", this is a pale-coloured bock brewed in the springtime and sold at a premium price. Producers of this style include Ayinger (more fruit than most), Jever (firm and fuller than usual), Dortmunder Actien brewery (not special), Einbecker Brauhaus (full and malty with a nicely hopped finish), Herforder (rather standard), Hofbr�uhaus (its deeper colour is more Bock than Maibock, but its huge, complex flavour puts it at the very top of the Maibock league), Holsten (fruity-malty) and W�rzburger Hofbr�u (simple). See also
Bock, Bock Dunkel, Doppelbock, Eisbock and Weizenbock.

MAINGOLD
Kulmbacher M�nchshof brewery, Germany. Simple, light, malty export-style.

MAISEL'S DAMPFBIER
Maisel brewery, Germany. A strange, "top- fermented" brew that is pale-copper in colour, very fruity to taste but with a creamy-spicy aftertaste

MALT
Malt is grain (normally barley) which has been moistened, allowed to germinate, and then dried and heated.

MALTEZER
De Ridder brewery, Holland. A pale-coloured lager with a predictably malty taste.

MAREDSOUS
Moortgat brewery, Belgium. A lightish, off-dry, abbey- style beer.

MARIAGE PARFAIT
Boon brewery, Belgium. The perfect marriage refers to the blended Lambic beers of varying age and style that are sold under this label.

M�RZEN or M�RZENBIER (Generic)
Germany. Literally means "March beer", which might come as a bit of a surprise, as this malty, bronze or copper-coloured beer is only available in October! It is, however, brewed in March and stored until Munich Oktoberfest. Usually 5.5% ABV or more. Producers of this style include Ayinger (lighter in colour than most, but has a fine malty aroma and smooth flavour), Hacker-Pschorr (the Oktoberfest is a soft, malty, amber-coloured beer with a more hoppy character than most M�rzenbier), Kulmbacher M�nchshof (typical malty character) and Spaten (many believe this brewery's Ur-M�rzen to be the finest available). Some M�rzen that are made in a typical, smoky Rauchbier style (see Rauchbier) are Heller (the Aecht Schlenkerla is the most famous Rauchbieren and is produced as a M�rzenbier for the Schlenkerla tavern in Bamberg, Franconia) and Spezial (very smoky, approaches the quality of Schlenkerla).

MASH
The mash is the mixture of malt and water.

MAXIMATOR DOPPELBOCK
Augustiner brewery, Germany. Expressive, dark and malty.

McCHOUFFE
Achouffe brewery, Belgium. A much darker, stronger and fruitier version of La Chouffe. See also
La Chouffe.

McFARLAND
Dreher brewery, Italy. Malty, amber-red brew designed to attract lovers of so-called Scotch Ale.

MEAD
Traditional ale made with honey and fruit, herbs or spices.

MEISTER PILS
Dortmunder Actien brewery, Germany. Boring.

MEISTER PILS
Schwaben Br�u brewery, Germany. Fine Pils of some delicacy and a long, dry finish.

MESTREECHS AAJT
Gulpener brewery, Holland. The sour taste in this unusual brew is reminiscent of a Lambic beer, only it is Dutch not Belgian, made from barley not wheat and looks more like a brown ale.

METEOR PILS
Brasserie Meteor, France. A Pilsener-type brewed from non-Pilsener malt, Meteor has interesting toasty aromas and a delicately rich, well-hopped, bitter finish.

MILD ALE
Lighter examples do exist, but most mild is dark brown and soft-tasting ale with a sweetness that devotees enjoy for its lingering quality whereas bitter drinkers find it cloying. Like most things, it's a matter of taste, although the cynic's answer to that is you either have taste or you don't!

M�NCHSHOF-PILSENER
Kulmbacher M�nchshof brewery, Germany. Dry Bavarian Pilsener of fleeting interest.

MORAVIA PILS
Holsten brewery, Germany. This light, but well- hopped beer with its delicate aroma is the best that Holsten brews.

MORETTI
Moretti brewery, Italy. Fizzy, light-lager style.

MOUSEL PREMIUM PILS
Mousel & Clausen brewery, Luxembourg. A light, Pils-style made without Pilsener malt, with a delicately rich malty style and a well-hopped finish.

M�HLEN K�LSCH
Malzm�hl brewery, Germany. A K�lsch of more delicacy and aroma than most.

M�NCHENER (Generic)
Germany. A dark lager with 5% ABV, brewed in Munich, it is somewhat sweeter than a Dortmund beer.

M�NCHENER HELL (Generic)
Germany. A pale lager of no great distinction, a touch of sweetness and less than 4% ABV, brewed in Munich. Producers include Hacker-Pschorr (light and rustic with a well-hoped, bitter-sweet finish) and Spaten (finer and more delicate than some so-called Pilsener beers).

M�TZIG
Mutzig brewery, France. Large volume, typical Alsatian light-lager style.

glossary N

NASTRO AZZURO
Peroni brewery, Italy. This lager is biggest selling beer produced by Italy's largest brewery.

glossary O

OERBIER
De Dolle brewery, Belgium. The De Dolle Brouwers or "The Mad Brewers" are two Belgians, Joe and Kris Herteleer, who caught the beer-bug in the UK when they purchased a home brew kit from Boots! Oerbier or "original beer" is a dark, ruddy-brown, "top- fermented" beer with a sweet, peppery-hop aroma, an intense-fruit flavour, aniseed undertones and big bitter finish.

OKTOBERFEST M�RZEN
Hacker-Pschorr brewery, Germany. This soft, malty, amber-coloured seasonal beer has more hoppy character than most M�rzenbier.

OKTOBERFEST
W�rzburger Hofbr�u brewery, Germany. Darkish brew of little interest.

ORANJEBOOM
Oranjeboom brewery, Holland. Popular, light, bland lager-style beer.

ORIGINAL M�NCHNER HELL
Paulaner brewery, Germany. A well above average, pale-coloured Heller beer with a fairly full, dryish flavour and crisp finish.

ORVAL
Brasserie d'Orval, Belgium. A strange, orange-coloured Trappist beer that is initially "top-fermented" but undergoes a "bottom-fermented" bottle-conditioning, albeit at a warmer temperature more suited for "top-fermented" yeast. Not the strongest of Trappist beers, Orval is considered by many to be the finest. Its unusual brewing methods, barely touched on here, produce a unique ale of intensely powerful aroma and flavour, full of thirst-making rather than thirst-quenching fruit and a massive, dry, bitter-hop finish.

OUD BEERSEL
Vandervelden brewery, Belgium. A very dry Lambic with an acquired resinous taste, although many beer specialists consider it to be the finest of all Lambic beers.

glossary P

PALE ALE
A name applied to a particular bottled-version of draught bitter, pale ale was first brewed in London in the mid- 18th century, but did not gain fame until Bass produced this style of beer at its Burton-on-Trent brewery, since when Burton has become synonymous with pale ale. This is because the Burton water contains gypsum, which precipitates the most ultra fine sediments suspended in a beer, providing a much paler shade of ale: hence Pale Ale, thus Burton Pale Ale. See also
India Pale Ale.

PAREL
Budels brewery, Holland. Fine quality, fairly strong "top- fermented" beer with a delicately rich aftertaste.

PASTEURISATION
Beer is usually pasteurised (flash-heated) to stabilise and preserve it, protecting it from organic spoilage.

PASTOR ALE
Brasserie d'Annoeullin, France. A filtered, but unpasteurised Bi�re de Garde that is light in body, yet rich in flavour, with assertive fruit softening to a lush, full, finish.

PECHE Belhium. Lambic beer flavoured with marinated peaches.

PELFORTH BRUNE
Pelforth brewery, France. Dark, full-bodied, malty beer with a smooth finish.

PELFORTH PALE
Pelforth brewery, France. The light-bodied pale Pelforth does not have the quality or character of the Brune.

PILS, PILSENER or PILSNER
Much abused designations that now encompass lager-type beers of any strength, quality or age, these terms were originally restricted to lagers brewed in the Czech village of Pilsen. As Pilsener caught on, the Czech village name was coined for any top-quality, well-hopped lager of at least 5% ABV, which was brewed from Pilsener malt to give the very long and delicate, almost floral flavour for which this beer was justifiably famous. Real Pilsener or Pilsner Urquell from the Czech Republic is best enjoyed in a Prague bar, as the genuine article found elsewhere in the world is not quite as fresh and snappy. So-called Pilsener (or Pils or Pilsner) is now brewed all over the world, but the best imitations are usually German, although the use of Pilsener malt is rapidly diminishing in all but the finest examples. Producers include Ceres (light, lacklustre), Dortmunder Actien (dull DAB Meister Pils), Dortmunder Hansa (light, wishy-washy Pils), Dortmunder Kronen (fresh and hoppy Pilskrone), Dortmunder Ritter (too much clumsy malt, not enough flowery finesse for a true Pils), Dortmunder Thier (a Pils that has some hoppy character, but is not special), EKU (a Pils that is too full to be classic), Forschungs (called Pilsissimus, it defies pronunciation should you have one too many), Gulpen (amusingly named X-Pert, this Dutch super-premium style beer has a touch too much colour for a classic Pilsener, but is beautifully bottle-conditioned, which adds a smooth, refined quality to its nicely hopped palate and finish), Haake- Beck (light, basic, but a delightfully fresh and aromatic, if somewhat fluffy-headed bottle-conditioned Kr�usen Pils), Hacker- Pschorr (bog-standard Pils), Holsten (soft, easy, unexciting Pilsener), Kulmbacher M�nchshof (dry, simple Pilsener), Kulmbacher (well-respected Schweizerhof-br�u, with a classic, long, dry finish), Kulmbacher L�wenbr�u (light but hoppy Pils), Lindeboom (decent Dutch Pilsener), Tucher (off-dry, simple Pilsener) and W�rzburger Hofbr�u (simple, malty Pils)

PILSISSIMUS
Forschungs brewery, Germany. An interesting malty- styled Pils, but don't try to pronounce it if you have had a few too many.

PILSKRONE
Dortmunder Kronen brewery, Germany. A fresh Pils-style with a pleasantly hoppy character, but lacks the class and concentration of Kronen's Export and Classic beers.

PILSNER URQUELL
Czech Republic. See above entry.

PINKUS ALT
Pinkus M�ller brewery, Germany. Although this "top- fermented" pale-coloured beer utilises 60% Pilsener malt and 40% wheat malt, it is neither a Pilsener, nor a wheat beer as such. Pinkus Alt is an interesting oddity with a rich, ripe, malty flavour that reflects its four months conditioning.

PINKUS HEFE WEIZEN
Pinkus M�ller brewery, Germany. A delicate, spritzy white or wheat beer with an easy drinking, mild finish.

PINKUS PILS
Pinkus M�ller brewery, Germany. Lightly-hopped Pilsener of reasonable quality.

PINKUS SPECIAL
Pinkus M�ller brewery, Germany. A 100% organic beer made in true Pilsener-style, with fine, long, delicate flavour and a well-hopped finish.

PINSEBRYG
Neptun brewery, Denmark. A strong, smooth, but rather bland beer with a repulsive green colour, deliberately induced to herald the beginning of spring! What next, brown underpants?

PIPAIX (Generic)
Belgium. A type of Saison beer, usually in a large corked bottle and may be aged for up to 12 months. See Saison.

POPERINGS HOMMELBIER
Van Eecke brewery, Belgium. A very well hopped Abbey-style beer.

PORTER
A very dark, top-fermented beer first brewed in London in the 18th Century.

PRINZREGENT LUITPOLD WEISSBIER
Kaltenberg brewery, Germany. This is a crisp, unpasteurised wheat beer with a typically tart taste reminiscent of stewed apple on the finish.

PSCHORR-BR�U WEISSE
Hacker-Pschorr brewery, Germany. Fluffy- headed wheat beer with a sour-biscuity flavour, finishing with a fine spiced-apple tang.

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